ERP Systems as a Strategic Lever for Organizational Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Moroccan Companies in the Era of Digital Transformation

Abstract

In a context of accelerated digital transformation, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have emerged as key drivers of organizational performance, particularly in emerging economies. This article presents an in-depth empirical analysis of the contribution of ERP systems to performance improvement in Moroccan firms, using a mixed-methods approach that combines a quantitative survey with multiple qualitative case studies. The objective is to identify the organizational, technical, and human conditions under which ERP investments generate tangible competitive advantages.

The findings highlight that the impact of ERP systems is closely tied to the strategic alignment between system functionalities, internal organizational capabilities, and governance practices. Moreover, the success of ERP initiatives is strongly influenced by effective change management, robust data governance, and user adoption. Continuous training, top management commitment, and the adaptation of business processes to ERP standards are identified as critical success factors. Adopting a contextualized perspective, this article sheds light on the specific challenges and dynamics of Moroccan enterprises in the face of digitalization, contributing to the literature on information systems in emerging markets. The study offers concrete managerial implications and paves the way for further research on the interplay between ERP systems, digital transformation, and sustainable performance.